A mechanically adaptive spider-web-like interphase enables second-level ultrafast and durable zinc metal batteries

Rechargeable aqueous zinc batteries are extremely feasible for safe and high-power energy storage; however, zinc metal anodes suffer from severe interfacial instability under ultrafast charging. These failures originate from the coupling of nonuniform Zn²⁺ transport, parasitic reactions, and unaccommodated mechanical deformation at the Zn-electrolyte interface. Here, we demonstrate that interfacial mechanical adaptivity is a decisive parameter for stabilizing zinc metals under extreme current densities. By constructing a spider-web-like, electrospun nitrile rubber interphase, we create a mechanically percolated and ion-affinitive interface that homogenizes Zn²⁺ flux, excludes free water, and buffers rapid interfacial deformation during plating and stripping. This integrated regulation transforms zinc deposition into a uniform and surface-confined process, enabling dendrite-free Zn||Zn cycling for over 6000 h and supporting second-level ultrafast charging in full cells. At an ultrahigh rate of 50 A g^-1, the resulting Zn||V₂O₅ cells sustain 20 000 cycles with minimal capacity decay. Beyond zinc systems, this work establishes mechanically adaptive interfacial design as a general strategy for high-rate metal-based energy storage.